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使用Python操作MySQL数据库的时候常使用MySQLdb这个模块。

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今天在开发的过程发现MySQLdb.connect有些参数没法设置。通过这个页面我们可以看到在connect的时候,可以设置的option和client_flags和MySQL c api相比差不少。
一个很重要的参数 MYSQL_OPT_READ_TIMEOUT没法设置,这个参数如果不设置,***状况MySQL处于hang住,自动切换IP漂移,客户端无法重连到新MySQL。
给MySQLdb加Option很简单,只要修改_mysql.c这个把Python对象映射到MySQL操作的文件,添加参数,再加一段mysql_option即可。
下面是修改后的git diff 文件
- diff --git a/_mysql.c b/_mysql.c
 - index d42cc54..61a9b34 100644
 - --- a/_mysql.c
 - +++ b/_mysql.c
 - @@ -489,9 +489,10 @@ _mysql_ConnectionObject_Initialize(
 - "named_pipe", "init_command",
 - "read_default_file", "read_default_group",
 - "client_flag", "ssl",
 - - "local_infile",
 - + "local_infile", "read_timeout",
 - NULL } ;
 - int connect_timeout = 0;
 - + int read_timeout = 0;
 - int compress = -1, named_pipe = -1, local_infile = -1;
 - char *init_command=NULL,
 - *read_default_file=NULL,
 - @@ -500,7 +501,7 @@ _mysql_ConnectionObject_Initialize(
 - self->converter = NULL;
 - self->open = 0;
 - check_server_init(-1);
 - - if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwargs, "|ssssisOiiisssiOi:connect",
 - + if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwargs, "|ssssisOiiisssiOii:connect",
 - kwlist,
 - &host, &user, &passwd, &db,
 - &port, &unix_socket, &conv,
 - @@ -509,7 +510,8 @@ _mysql_ConnectionObject_Initialize(
 - &init_command, &read_default_file,
 - &read_default_group,
 - &client_flag, &ssl,
 - - &local_infile /* DO NOT PATCH FOR RECONNECT, IDIOTS
 - + &local_infile, &read_timeout
 - + /* DO NOT PATCH FOR RECONNECT, IDIOTS
 - IF YOU DO THIS, I WILL NOT SUPPORT YOUR PACKAGES. */
 - ))
 - return -1;
 - @@ -540,6 +542,12 @@ _mysql_ConnectionObject_Initialize(
 - mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT,
 - (char *)&timeout);
 - }
 - +
 - + if (read_timeout) {
 - + unsigned int timeout = read_timeout;
 - + mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_READ_TIMEOUT, (char *)&timeout);
 - + }
 - +
 - if (compress != -1) {
 - mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_COMPRESS, 0);
 - client_flag |= CLIENT_COMPRESS;
 
代码修改完毕,python setup.py install 即可,如果出现mysql_config找不到的问题。你还要修改setup_posix.py文件。
- hoterran@hoterran-laptop:~/Projects/MySQL-python-1.2.3$ git diff setup_posix.py
 - diff --git a/setup_posix.py b/setup_posix.py
 - index 86432f5..f4f08f1 100644
 - --- a/setup_posix.py
 - +++ b/setup_posix.py
 - @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def mysql_config(what):
 - if ret/256 > 1:
 - raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))
 - return data
 - -mysql_config.path = "mysql_config"
 - +mysql_config.path = "/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config"
 - def get_config():
 - import os, sys
 
编译通过,我们来试试添加的read_timeout这个参数。
- conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = DB_SERVER,user = DB_USERNAME,passwd = DB_PASSWORD,db = DB_NAME, port=int(DB_PORT), client_flag = 2, read_timeout = 10)
 
然后执行语句前,你试着把mysql用gdb hang住10s后,python就会异常抛错
- OperationalError: (2013, 'Lost connection to MySQL server during query')
 - >/home/hoterran/Projects/dbaas/trunk/dbtest.py(18)()
 - >mydb.execute_sql(conn, sql)
 - (Pdb)
 - --Return--
 - > /home/hoterran/Projects/dbaas/trunk/dbtest.py(18)()->None
 - > mydb.execute_sql(conn, sql)
 - (Pdb)
 - OperationalError: (2013, 'Lost connection to MySQL server during query')
 - > (1)()->None
 
原文出处:http://ourmysql.com/archives/932
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